About the Book
In "God's Outrageous Claims," Lee Strobel explores the bold and challenging claims that God makes in the Bible about his nature, character, and involvement in the world. Strobel investigates these claims through interviews with experts and personal reflection, ultimately offering insight into the profound impact of accepting and living out these truths. The book challenges readers to consider the implications of God's claims on their lives and faith.
David Brainerd
Born to a farming family in Haddam, Connecticut, Brainerd soon turned his aspirations to the clergy and a life of study. The early death of his parents, combined with a naturally melancholy personality, caused him to be morose and to fixate on the brevity of life, so that his religious life was characterized by prolonged depressions punctuated by ecstatic experiences of God. He began to study for the ministry at Yale College in 1739. During his first year he showed signs of the tuberculosis that was to end his life prematurely. During the following year, the New Light preaching of George Whitefield and other itinerants such as Gilbert Tennent and James Davenport gained many adherents at the college, including Brainerd, and he became involved in a separate church founded by students. In November 1741 he was reported as saying that one of the local ministers who was a college tutor had “no more grace than a chair.” Determined to snuff out the New Light among the students, the Yale Corporation, led by its rector, Thomas Clap, expelled Brainerd for refusing to make a public confession.
Officially barred from the ministry, Brainerd nonetheless became an itinerant preacher, filling pulpits of New Light sympathizers throughout New England and New York. In the process he gained the admiration of many clergymen, including Jonathan Dickinson, a Presbyterian minister of New Jersey and commissioner of the Society in Scotland for Propagating Christian Knowledge. Dickinson in 1742 first proposed that Brainerd become a missionary. To prepare himself, in 1743 Brainerd went to work with John Sargeant, missionary to the Stockbridge Indians. He was ordained by the Presbytery of New York in 1744. From 1743 to 1747 he ministered to the Indians in western Massachusetts, eastern New York, the Lehigh region of Pennsylvania, and central New Jersey. At the New Jersey Bethel mission (near Cranbury), he achieved his most notable successes. Out of his experiences here came the publication of two installments of his journals that described both the revivals among the Delaware Indians and his own spiritual turmoil and exultation.
Brainerd preaching to the Indians for all of his zeal, however, Brainerd’s constitution could not stand up to the hardships of wilderness living. In April 1747, seriously weakened by tuberculosis, he left New Jersey for the home of his friend Jonathan Edwards in Northampton, Massachusetts, where he died in October.
In 1749 Edwards published An Account of the Life of the Late Reverend Mr. David Brainerd, drawn from Brainerd’s extensive diaries and supplemented by Edwards’s own commentary. Edwards sought to portray Brainerd as a model of Christian saintliness who manifested his faith in good works and self-sacrifice, expurgating many passages that recorded Brainerd’s depressions and enthusiasms. Over the centuries, this work has achieved international fame, has gone through countless printings, and has inspired many missionaries in pursuing their call.
Minkema, Kenneth P., “Brainerd, David,” in Biographical Dictionary of Christian Missions, ed. Gerald H. Anderson (New York: Macmillan Reference USA, 1998), 84-5.
This article is reprinted from Biographical Dictionary of Christian Missions, Macmillan Reference USA, copyright © 1998 Gerald H. Anderson, by permission of Macmillan Reference USA, New York, NY. All rights reserved.
Labor Like You’re Loved
By the grace of God I am what I am, and his grace toward me was not in vain. On the contrary, I worked harder than any of them, though it was not I, but the grace of God that is with me. (1 Corinthians 15:10) At one level, this passage contains one of the more surprising statements in any of Paul’s letters. “I worked harder than any of them,” he says — them, meaning the other apostles. Seemingly without any blushing or posturing, but just calmly stating the facts, Paul self-identifies as the hardest working of a select group who had been with Jesus, none of them known for laziness. Clearly in his letters and in the book of Acts, Paul demonstrates a kind of uncommon energy and intensity. Perhaps he would acknowledge that he had some unusual wiring. Again and again, however, he puts his uncommon exertions forward not as an exception to admire, but as an example to follow. Even still, what the apostle Paul is remembered for today, more than his hard work, is the precious truth we call “justification by faith alone.” Paul lived and taught that those who labor, and sing, and overcome, and run the race most energetically, do so not to earn God’s favor. They exert effort precisely because they can testify already, in Christ, “All is mine” — because they know that grace is a gift. First, Full Pardon Getting the order right is all-important. The first word, and foundational word, is that our human effort, no matter how impressive compared to others, cannot secure the acceptance and favor of the Almighty. God’s full and final acceptance — called justification — comes to us “by his grace as a gift, through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus” (Romans 3:24), not through our working (Romans 3:28). God’s choice of his people “depends not on human will or exertion, but on God, who has mercy” (Romans 9:16), and so, fittingly, his final and decisive approval and embrace of his people is through our believing in him, not our working for him (Romans 4:4–5; 2 Timothy 1:9; Titus 3:5). In this way, the Christian faith is the world’s greatest rest from human labor, as Jesus invites “all who labor and are heavy laden” to come to him for his gift of rest (Matthew 11:28). And then, in this rest, God supplies remarkable, even supernatural, ambition for pouring out what energies we have for the good of others. Then, New Power In coming to Christ in faith, we receive another gift, not just justification: “the promised Holy Spirit” (Ephesians 1:13). The Spirit not only produces in us the faith by which we’re justified, but he gives us new life in Christ — new desires, new inclinations, new instincts, and new energy. By the Spirit, our coming into such rest does not make us idle or lazy. Rather, Paul says, the Spirit begins to make us “zealous for good works” (Titus 2:14), eager and ready to do good (2 Timothy 2:21; 3:16–17; Titus 3:1–2), devoting ourselves to acts that serve the good of others (Titus 3:8, 14). Knowing we cannot earn the favor of God Almighty with our efforts, but that his smile has been secured for us by Jesus, we are liberated to pour our energy and time and skill and attention into blessing others. Few, if any, will match Paul’s labors. And yet right here in 1 Corinthians 15:10, where he identifies as the hardest-working apostle, we find a word of hope for those of us who feel that we can’t keep pace with him. He says he “worked harder than” the others, and he also affirms, “though it was not I, but the grace of God that is with me.” Elsewhere, Paul makes a similar confession, that the key to his seemingly tireless labors is God at work in him (Philippians 2:12–13; Colossians 1:29). It is not in his own strength to do what he did. Rather, Christ is strengthening him (1 Timothy 1:12; Philippians 4:13). To This I Hold Paul would be quick to challenge today’s most energetic and aggressive personalities with the truth that, apart from God, our best labors will prove futile in the end. And for those who know they need help, who have more regrets about laziness than over-work, he would remind them, “We are his workmanship, created in Christ Jesus for good works, which God prepared beforehand, that we should walk in them” (Ephesians 2:10). Walk, not sprint. Our God doesn’t leave us to labor, and sing, and overcome, and run our race in our own strength. He has good works prepared for us ahead of time, and gives us his Spirit to empower them in and through us. He doesn’t demand a dead sprint, but invites us to walk in them, and to say with joy in the end, “Yet not I but through Christ in me.” Article by David Mathis
