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About the Book
"The Voyage of the Dawn Treader" is the third book in C.S. Lewis's "The Chronicles of Narnia" series. It follows the journey of Lucy, Edmund, and their cousin Eustace as they join King Caspian on his voyage to explore the Eastern Sea in search of seven lost Lords. Along the way, they encounter various adventures and challenges, ultimately learning important lessons about bravery, redemption, and acceptance. The story is filled with fantastical creatures, magical lands, and moral messages, making it a captivating and thought-provoking read for readers of all ages.
Adoniram Judson
Born in Malden, Massachusetts, the son of Adoniram Judson, Sr., a Congregational clergyman, and Abigail (Brown), Judson graduated from Brown University (B.A., M.A.) and in the first class of Andover Theological Seminary (1810). His interest in missions began in 1809 when he read Claudius Buchananâs sermon âThe Star in the East.â With ministerial friends he started the Society of Inquiry, a seminary study group on missions. In 1810 he was licensed to preach by the Orange, Vermont, Congregational Association preparatory to the pastoral ministry; however, he had strong inclinations toward overseas missions. In June of that year, Judson, Samuel Newell, Samuel Nott, Jr., and Gordon Hall presented themselves to the Massachusetts General Association for missionary service, and the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM) was formed as a result. Following an unsuccessful attempt to secure an appointment from the London Missionary Society in England, Judson persuaded the ABCFM to support three couples and two single men on a mission to the East. Judson was the lead candidate of the first commissioning service for the American overseas missionaries held at Salem (Massachusetts) Tabernacle on February 6, 1812.
Following a sendoff with great fanfare, Judson and his bride, Ann (Haseltine), sailed with the Newells for India in 1812. During the four-month voyage, the couple carefully studied the baptismal positions of the English Baptists in order to controvert the Baptist position; however, when they arrived at Calcutta, they adopted Baptist principles and were baptized by William Carey. Upon their change of sentiments, the Judsons resigned from the ABCFM and plans were laid for the creation of a Baptist mission society in the United States.
By order of the British East India Company, the Judsons were forced to leave India. Surreptitiously escaping to Rangoon, Burma (Myanmar), in 1813, they established a station that became the first mission of American Baptists. Their work included evangelism and Bible translation. In 1842, following completion of Judsonsâs first dictionary, the couple relocated to Ava, to establish greater influence with the government. However, Adoniram Judson was charged with being an English spy and was imprisoned in June 1824. In a 21-month period of incarceration during the Anglo-Burmese War, he suffered from fever and malnutrition and underwent a forced march. As a result of the courage and resourcefulness of his wife, he was released in February 1826 to serve as a translator for the Burmese government during negotiations for the Treaty of Yandabo. Ann Judson died of complications of smallpox later the same year.
To enlarge his efforts, Judson moved his mission to Moulmein in 1828. There, with the assistance of Jonathan Wade, he built a church and school and continued work on the Burmese Bible, which he completed in 1834. Later that year, he married Sarah Hall Boardman, widow of George Dana Boardman and a gifted linguist and teacher. In 1845, following the birth of their eight child, Sarahâs health declined and the Judsons embarked for the United States. Sarah died en route; Judson completed the trip and remained in the United States for nine monthsâ furlough. While his strength had been greatly reduced and he suffered chronic laryngitis, he was hailed as a hero throughout the Christian community.
While at Madison University in upstate New York, he met and married Emily Chubbock, a writer and educator. They returned to Burma in 1846 for continued work on an enlarged Burmese dictionary, which was finished in 1849. Shortly afterward, Judson contracted a respiratory fever and, attempting to travel to a better climate, died at sea.
Brackney, William H., âJudson, Adoniram,â in Biographical Dictionary of Christian Missions, ed. Gerald H. Anderson (New York: Macmillan Reference USA, 1998), 345-46.
This article is reprinted from Biographical Dictionary of Christian Missions, Macmillan Reference USA, copyright © 1998 Gerald H. Anderson, by permission of Macmillan Reference USA, New York, NY. All rights reserved.
Can I Follow My New Heart
âWhy shouldnât I follow my heart? If I am a Christian â if God has caused me to be âborn againâ and has given me âa new heartâ â isnât my new heart trustworthy?â Readers have raised some version of this objection when Iâve exhorted Christians, âDonât follow your heart.â And the objection is warranted. After all, the Bible clearly teaches that in this era of the new covenant, God writes his law on our new hearts so that we willingly follow him (Jeremiah 31:31â34; Hebrews 8:8â12). This would seem to not merely imply, but even mandate, that Christians should follow their hearts. But the Bibleâs description of what a regenerated person actually experiences in this age reveals a more spiritually and psychologically complex picture â one that I believe gives Christians biblical warrant to cultivate a healthy suspicion of what they recognize as their heartsâ desires. So, while we may, and hopefully will, reach a point in our lives as Christians where itâs right, at times, to follow our hearts, allow me to make a brief case that the phrase actually undermines Christians as they labor and struggle to discern their various desires, and that Scripture itself discourages us from thinking this way. War Within How might we summarize the complex picture the Bible paints of the born-again experience in this already-not-yet age? The New Testament explains that when the Spirit brings us from spiritual death to spiritual life (John 5:24; Romans 6:13), we enter a strange new reality. Our regenerated new self emerges, âcreated after the likeness of God in true righteousness and holiness.â And yet our âold self, which belongs to [our] former manner of life,â is still âcorrupt through deceitful desiresâ (Ephesians 4:22â24). We are âborn of the Spiritâ (John 3:6) while still inhabiting the âflesh,â our âbody of deathâ in which ânothing good dwellsâ (Romans 7:18, 24). âThe hearts of regenerated people are not yet fully free from the influence of their flesh.â When Christians are born again, we enter into a lifelong internal war where âthe desires of the flesh are against the Spirit, and the desires of the Spirit are against the flesh, for these are opposed to each other, to keep you from doing the things you want to doâ (Galatians 5:17). Stepping back and viewing these desires objectively, âthe works of the fleshâ that result from fleshly desires âare evident,â and so is âthe fruit of the Spiritâ (Galatians 5:19â23). But Christians often struggle â on the ground, in real time â to discern the desires of the Spirit from the desires of the flesh. This is why the New Testament Epistles are full of exhortations and corrections addressed to Christians. James tells his readers (and us at relevant times) that their âpassions are at war withinâ them (James 4:1). Peter warns his readers (and us), âDo not be conformed to the passions of your former ignoranceâ (1 Peter 1:14). Paul describes this internal experience of warring passions as âwretchedâ (Romans 7:24). And he admonishes the Colossian Christians (and us) with strong language: âPut to death therefore what is earthly in you: sexual immorality, impurity, passion, evil desire, and covetousness, which is idolatryâ (Colossians 3:5). Why did these apostles feel the need to speak this way to regenerated people? Because the hearts of these regenerated people were not yet fully free from the influence of their flesh, their old selves. Follow the Spirit Much of the Christian life is a war to die to remaining sin and live by the Spirit. John Piper calls it âthe main battle of the Christian lifeâ: The main battle is to see our hearts renovated, recalibrated, so that we donât want to do those sinful external behaviors, and donât just need willpower not to do them, but the root has been severed and we have different desires. In other words, the goal of change â of sanctification, of the Christian life â is to be so changed that we can and ought to follow our desires. Thatâs exactly right. And when we have been so changed through progressive sanctification, so renovated that our hearts (and therefore our desires, dispositions, motives, emotions, and passions) are, as Piper says, âcalibrated to Christ,â then we should follow our hearts. However, at any given time within our churches, small groups, friendships, and families, different Christians are at different places for different reasons in this heart-renovation process. Some hearts are more sanctified, and therefore more reliable to follow, than others. I think thatâs why we donât hear the apostles generally counsel us to follow our hearts in our fight of faith against remaining sin, but rather to follow the Holy Spirit. Let Not Sin Reign Paul is the one who delves most deeply into this issue: âI say, walk by the Spirit, and you will not gratify the desires of the fleshâ (Galatians 5:16). He devotes most of Romans 6â8 to explaining the nature of the strange new-self/old-self, Spirit/flesh reality of the Christian life, including Romans 8:13: âIf you live according to the flesh you will die, but if by the Spirit you put to death the deeds of the body, you will live.â Paul lays the theological foundation of our understanding by explaining âthat our old self was crucified with [Christ] in order that [our] body of sin might be brought to nothing, so that we would no longer be enslaved to sinâ (Romans 6:6). Our new selves were âraised with Christâ (Colossians 3:1) so that âwe too might walk in newness of lifeâ (Romans 6:4). Therefore, we âmust consider [ourselves] dead to sin and alive to God in Christ Jesusâ (Romans 6:11). In light of this, Paul admonishes us, Let not sin therefore reign in your mortal body, to make you obey its passions. Do not present your members to sin as instruments for unrighteousness, but present yourselves to God as those who have been brought from death to life, and your members to God as instruments for righteousness. For sin will have no dominion over you, since you are not under law but under grace. (Romans 6:12â14) And how do we do this? By learning to âset [our] minds on the things of the Spiritâ and not on âthe things of the fleshâ (Romans 8:5) â by learning to follow the Spirit, to âwalk by the Spiritâ (Galatians 5:16), because âall who are led by the Spirit of God are sons of Godâ (Romans 8:14). Follow the Treasure One of the reasons I find âfollow your heartâ generally unhelpful as counsel for Christians is that many of us, from the time we were young, have absorbed this as a pop-cultural creed that says if we just look deep into our hearts, weâll be shown our deepest truth, and discover the way we should go. Given the significant amount our sinful flesh still influences our hearts, itâs not hard to see how this phrase can easily increase confusion when applying it to the Christian life. âSome hearts are more sanctified, and therefore more reliable to follow, than others.â I also donât believe the Bible encourages that idea since, when it comes to engaging our hearts, far and away what we hear in it is counsel to âdirect our hearts,â not to follow them. We see that clearly in Paulâs instructions above. God made our hearts to follow, not to lead. And what do our hearts follow? Jesus gives the clearest answer: âWhere your treasure is, there your heart will be alsoâ (Matthew 6:21). In time, our heart always pursues (follows) our treasure. When we are born again, the eyes of our hearts are enlightened (Ephesians 1:18) and, through faith, we begin to see the Treasure: God himself in Christ. And since our heart learns to pursue the object that stirs its greatest affections, its treasure, I suggest we not counsel each other to âfollow your heart,â but instead to âfollow the Treasure.â Looking into our hearts for direction can be spiritually hazardous. It is usually more helpful for us to direct our hearts to what is most valuable and delightful. Which is why I believe David counsels us, âDelight yourself in the Lord, and he will give you the desires of your heartâ (Psalm 37:4). Article by Jon Bloom